Area
Pepper does not occur without mint. Mentha spicata Gilib with Mentha aquatica L.. is assumed to have arisen from the intermingling of. Peppermint is grown mainly in Ukraine (Poltava, Chernigov, Kiev, Sumsk and Zhytomyr regions), Crimea, as well as in Krasnodar Krai, Voronezh region, Belarus and Moldova. There are two types of peppermint: black pepper mint and white pepper mint. The stems and veins of white pepper mint are white-green, while the stems and veins of black pepper mint are reddish-purple. As a medicinal product, mainly black pepper mint species grown. As the smell of the white variety of mint is delicate and delicate, it is grown for perfumery (perfume) and food industry.
Botanical description of the plant
A perennial herb, reaching 30-100 cm in height. The stem is one multiple, erect, four-sided, hairless or sparsely hairy. The leaves are simple, oblong-ovate or lanceolate, with a sharp tip, with a sharp serrated edge. The leaves are opposite the stems with short bands. The flowers are small, pink, light purple or reddish-purple, with a stalk at the tip of the stems and branches. forms a bouquet of spiked flowers. The inflorescence is tubular, purple, five-toothed, and remains with the fruit. The inflorescence is slightly curved, funnel-shaped, four-lobed (unlike other lilacs), paternal 4, maternal node 4-segmented, located at the top. The fruit is a 4-leaf clover combined with a corolla.
Medicinal properties
Peppermint leaf preparations, mint juice and tincture made from essential oil are used against nausea and vomiting, as well as to improve digestion. In addition, mint juice to rinse the mouth and improve the taste of mixtures applied. Menthol extracted from the essential oil is used in diseases of the ear, nose, respiratory tract, as well as to relieve toothache. Menthol makes a migraine pen that leaves a headache. Menthol - validol, used in patients with angina pectoris. Essential oil and menthol are also used in the food and perfumery industries. Medicinal products. Infusions are made from the leaves, mint juice from the essential oil, tincture; menthol is a migraine pen and validol (a 25-30% solution of menthol in a complex ester of isovaleric acid with menthol).
Growing technology
If the peppermint is placed in the fields of cereal crops, after harvesting the crop is softened without overturning with disc harrows at a depth of 10–15 cm, according to the characteristics of weeds, agrotechnical requirements. 15-20 days later in the fall 15 per hectare 20 tons of local fertilizer is plowed to a depth of 27-30 cm with the introduction of two komiest and 40-50 kg of pure phosphorus fertilizers. Before planting the plant depending on the density of the soil and the appearance of weeds, the lands are cultivated and plowed. Pepper is propagated by mint rhizomes. Before planting, cuttings 8-10 cm long are prepared. In early spring the cuttings (March-April) are prepared at a depth of 10 cm, well-moistened furrows 20 cm from each other. It is planted by hand in special drills at a distance of 25 cm. Row spacing is between 60 and 45 cm, 2 plants are placed in each nest, and an average of 5-6 quintals of rhizomes per hectare of land will be needed. After the cuttings are planted, watering cans are taken and watered until the soil is saturated. Seedlings do not sprout 4–5 days after planting the remaining areas will need to be replanted.
