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A new laboratory has begun its work in the Botanical Garden

 

The Biotechnology Laboratory was founded on 01/03/2023 on the basis of the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan; on 01/16/2024 the laboratory began its activities on the basis of the Botanical Garden named after Academician F.N. Rusanov of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The prerequisite for creating the laboratory is the need to follow modern trends in the development of science, the desire of domestic scientists to conduct research at the world level using modern technologies, methods and approaches.

Laboratory staff have completed internships in leading scientific organizations in the world, including the Korean National Arboretum (KNA, Republic of Korea), Baekdudegan National Arboretum (NABD, Republic of Korea), Belarusian National University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (BSU, Republic of Korea). Belarus), etc. The experience and knowledge gained during foreign internships should serve for the benefit of the country and the development of domestic science.

The purpose of creating the laboratory:

Development of a protocol for micropropagation in vitro of promising species in order to replenish the collection of the botanical garden.

Objectives of the laboratory: at the initial stage of its formation, the laboratory of plant biotechnology of the Botanical Garden named after academician F.N. Rusanova at the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan is aimed at solving the following problem:

Task 1. Development and implementation of protocols for microclonal propagation of valuable plant species: 1) collections of the botanical garden, 2) rare and endangered species of the flora of Uzbekistan, 3) salt and drought-resistant plant species (ornamental, fruit, introduced). Further development of the laboratory will be aimed at:

Task 2. Study of secondary metabolism and obtaining valuable biologically active substances.

Task 3. Creation of an in vitro bank of the gene pool of rare species.

Task 4. Clonal propagation of plants, obtaining healthy plants, accelerating the selection process, genetic improvement of plants.

Relevance of the work being carried out:

In recent years, due to climate aridization, an increase in desert areas, and global climate change, in vitro technologies have begun to be widely introduced into the work of botanical gardens with the aim of propagating and preserving salt- and drought-resistant ornamental, fruit and introduced plant species, which will allow the development of degraded lands and provide biosafety of future generations. In addition, in vitro technologies allow botanical gardens to organize work to replenish existing exhibitions by propagating unique, difficult-to-propagate species represented in collections by single specimens, propagating rare and endangered species, as well as propagating and selling popular ornamental and fruit crops. Botanical gardens and arboretums are becoming increasingly important in the field of plant protection: they have become important centers for the conservation of plant biodiversity. In a number of botanical gardens, in vitro tissue culture banks of rare and endangered species have been created.

In vitro technologies make it possible to: 1) obtain plant material with such necessary qualities as salt and drought resistance; 2) ensure a high level of multiplication of plant material; 3) obtain plant material free from viral, bacterial and fungal diseases; 4) store plant material for a long time under aseptic conditions; 5) save space for collections and reduce labor costs for their maintenance.

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